Peptide Lab HQ Research Guide
KPV
A research-focused compound profile covering KPV identity, α-MSH fragment research, anti-inflammatory pathway models, PepT1-mediated uptake, concentration reference, reconstitution reference, and safety considerations.
Compound Data
Compound Profile
| Compound Name | KPV |
|---|---|
| Full Name / Sequence Name | Lysine-Proline-Valine |
| Common Synonyms | KPV tripeptide, Lys-Pro-Val, MSH (11-13), α-MSH (11-13), ACTH (11-13) |
| Compound Type | Synthetic tripeptide / α-MSH-derived research peptide |
| CAS Number | 67727-97-3 |
| PubChem CID | 125672 |
| Amino Acid Length | 3 amino acids |
| Amino Acid Sequence | Lys-Pro-Val |
| Short Sequence | KPV |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₆H₃₀N₄O₄ |
| Molecular Weight | Approximately 342.43 g/mol |
| Research Category | Anti-inflammatory, melanocortin-derived peptide, PepT1 uptake, intestinal epithelial, immune signaling, airway epithelial, skin, and wound-response research |
| Appearance | White to off-white lyophilized powder |
| Use | For laboratory research use only. |
Research Applications
Key Research Applications
KPV is commonly discussed in controlled research models involving anti-inflammatory signaling, intestinal epithelial response, PepT1-mediated uptake, NF-κB pathway activity, MAPK pathway activity, colitis models, mucosal healing, airway epithelial inflammation, and skin or wound-response research.
Anti-Inflammatory Pathway Research
KPV is commonly studied for its influence on inflammatory signaling pathways, including NF-κB and MAPK-related activity in cellular models.
Intestinal Epithelial Models
KPV appears in research involving intestinal epithelial cells, inflammatory cytokine response, epithelial barrier context, and colitis-related study models.
PepT1-Mediated Uptake
Research literature describes KPV uptake through PepT1, a di/tripeptide transporter studied in intestinal epithelial and immune-cell models.
Colitis Research Models
KPV has been evaluated in DSS and TNBS mouse colitis models, where studies tracked inflammatory markers, histology, cytokine expression, and tissue response.
Airway Epithelial Research
KPV has been studied in airway epithelial cell models involving TNFα, RSV-evoked inflammatory signaling, NF-κB suppression, and chemokine response.
Skin & Wound-Response Context
As an α-MSH-derived tripeptide, KPV is commonly discussed in broader melanocortin peptide research involving skin, inflammatory response, and wound-related signaling.
Research Scope
These applications are provided for educational and research-reference purposes only. Research outcomes may vary based on study model, route, peptide form, delivery system, purity, concentration, formulation, and laboratory conditions.
Reference Only
Reconstitution / Research Dosing Reference
Select Reference Vial
Select a vial size to update the concentration, U-100 unit references, and frequency table below.
Quick Reference Summary
| Reference Vial | 5 mg KPV |
|---|---|
| Primary Solution Volume | 2 mL bacteriostatic water |
| Primary Concentration | 2.5 mg/mL |
| Measurement Reference | On a U-100 syringe, 1 unit = 0.01 mL. |
| Amount per U-100 Unit | At 2.5 mg/mL, 1 unit equals 0.025 mg / 25 mcg KPV. |
| Storage Reference | Refrigerate at 2–8°C / 35.6–46.4°F after reconstitution, protected from direct light. |
Reconstitution Steps
- Draw 2 mL bacteriostatic water using a sterile syringe for the main concentration reference shown below.
- Slowly add the BAC water down the side of the vial wall.
- Gently roll or swirl the vial until the material is completely dissolved. The solution should appear clear. Do not shake!
- Label with compound name, vial amount, concentration, solvent volume, preparation date, storage conditions, and handling notes.
- Store refrigerated at 2–8°C / 35.6–46.4°F, protected from direct light.
Published Research Context
| Reference Type | Reported Amount / Context | Research Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Compound Identity Reference | KPV, also referenced as Lys-Pro-Val or MSH (11–13) | KPV is commonly identified as a tripeptide fragment associated with alpha-MSH-derived peptide research. |
| Inflammatory-Marker Research | Model-dependent concentration and endpoint tracking | Commonly discussed in inflammatory-marker, cytokine-response, immune-cell signaling, and NF-κB pathway contexts. |
| Intestinal / Epithelial-Barrier Research | PepT1-mediated uptake and intestinal inflammation model context | KPV has been studied in epithelial models involving PepT1 transport, cytokine signaling, epithelial-barrier response, and inflammation-marker documentation. |
| Public Protocol-Style Reference | Microgram-to-milligram reference examples | Public protocol-style references are not clinical dosing standards and should not be treated as research-chemical use instructions. |
| Clinical / Research-Chemical Status | No universal research-chemical protocol established | Published study references, public protocol-style references, clinical-use references, or wellness protocols should not be treated as dosing instructions for research-chemical vial formats. |
Concentration Reference
| Vial Amount | Solution Volume | Final Concentration |
|---|---|---|
| 5 mg | 2 mL | 2.5 mg/mL |
| 10 mg | 2 mL | 5 mg/mL |
Research Dosing Amount / Volume Reference
| Reference Amount | Volume at 2.5 mg/mL | U-100 Unit Reference | Approx. References per 5 mg Vial |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 mcg | 0.02 mL | 2 units | 100 |
| 0.1 mg / 100 mcg | 0.04 mL | 4 units | 50 |
| 0.25 mg / 250 mcg | 0.10 mL | 10 units | 20 |
| 0.5 mg / 500 mcg | 0.20 mL | 20 units | 10 |
| 1 mg / 1000 mcg | 0.40 mL | 40 units | 5 |
| 2 mg / 2000 mcg | 0.80 mL | 80 units | 2.5 |
| 5 mg / 5000 mcg | 2.00 mL | 200 units | 1 |
| 10 mg / 10000 mcg | 4.00 mL | 400 units | 0.5 |
Research Frequency / Amount Reference
| Research Window | Frequency | Reference Amount | Units / Volume Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower Conversion Reference | Public protocol-style reference, not a clinical dosing standard | 50 mcg reference amount | 2 units / 0.02 mL |
| Low-to-Mid Conversion Reference | Public protocol-style reference, not a clinical dosing standard | 0.1 mg / 100 mcg reference amount | 4 units / 0.04 mL |
| Standard Conversion Reference | Public protocol-style reference, not a clinical dosing standard | 0.25 mg / 250 mcg reference amount | 10 units / 0.10 mL |
| Mid-Range Conversion Example | Public protocol-style reference, not a clinical dosing standard | 0.5 mg / 500 mcg reference amount | 20 units / 0.20 mL |
| Upper Conversion Example | Public protocol-style reference, not a clinical dosing standard | 1 mg / 1000 mcg reference amount | 40 units / 0.40 mL |
| High Conversion Example | Public protocol-style reference, not a clinical dosing standard | 2 mg / 2000 mcg reference amount | 80 units / 0.80 mL |
Common Research Windows
| Reference Window | Common Length | Research Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Cell-Culture / Marker Observation Window | 24–72 hours | May be used for cytokine-response, NF-κB pathway, epithelial-barrier, PepT1 uptake, immune-cell, or inflammatory-marker documentation depending on the model. |
| Acute Observation Window | Single session to several days | Used for short-term response tracking, timing comparison, early marker observation, or preparation comparison depending on the research design. |
| Short Research Window | 1–2 weeks | May be used for early controlled observation involving gut-barrier, epithelial, immune-response, or inflammatory-marker endpoints. |
| Standard Protocol-Style Window | 2–4 weeks | Commonly used in public protocol-style references for structured observation and comparison across baseline and follow-up periods. |
| Extended Observation Window | 4–8 weeks | Used when longer documentation is needed for epithelial-barrier, immune-response, inflammatory-marker, or tissue-protective trend tracking. |
| Follow-Up / Washout | 1–4 weeks | Used to document post-study observations, marker return, delayed response patterns, or follow-up data depending on the research model. |
Research Note: These tables are provided for educational, research-planning, concentration, frequency-reference, and volume-reference purposes only. KPV, also referenced as Lys-Pro-Val or MSH (11–13), is commonly discussed in alpha-MSH fragment, inflammatory-marker, cytokine-response, epithelial-barrier, PepT1 uptake, intestinal inflammation, immune-response, and tissue-protective research contexts. The selector above updates calculations for 5 mg and 10 mg vial references, each reconstituted with 2.0 mL bacteriostatic water. Published study references and public protocol-style frequency references are not universal research-chemical dosing standards and should not be treated as dosing instructions for research-chemical vial formats. This information is not medical advice, dosing instruction, injectable-use guidance, or a recommendation for human or animal use.
Research Notes
Research Findings & Safety Notes
Research Findings
KPV is commonly discussed in research involving anti-inflammatory signaling, NF-κB and MAPK pathway activity, PepT1-mediated uptake, intestinal epithelial response, cytokine expression, mucosal healing, airway epithelial inflammation, and melanocortin-derived peptide activity.
Study Limitations
KPV research includes cell-culture studies, mouse colitis models, nanoparticle delivery systems, airway epithelial models, and broader melanocortin-peptide research. Findings should be interpreted according to route, formulation, concentration, delivery system, and study model.
Safety Considerations
Laboratory handling should include appropriate PPE, clean technique, sterile handling where applicable, proper labeling, batch documentation, supplier qualification, and qualified research procedures.
Use Restriction
Not for human or animal consumption. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease when discussed as a research-use material.
Related Supplies
Research Supplies
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Bacteriostatic Water
Commonly referenced in laboratory preparation workflows.
Research Syringes
Supply category for controlled laboratory research preparation.
Prep Supplies
Supporting supplies for clean handling, preparation, and documentation.
Lab Handling
Handling & Storage
Storage
Store materials according to product-specific requirements. Protect from excessive heat, moisture, and direct light.
After Reconstitution
Keep refrigerated after reconstitution unless otherwise specified by the product documentation.
Handling
Use appropriate laboratory PPE, clean handling practices, and qualified research procedures.
Documentation
Maintain batch details, COA records, preparation notes, and internal research documentation.