Peptide Lab HQ Research Guide
NAD+
A research-focused compound profile covering NAD+ identity, redox biology research, mitochondrial pathway models, cellular energy metabolism, concentration reference, reconstitution reference, and safety considerations.
Compound Data
Compound Profile
| Compound Name | NAD+ |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidized form |
| Common Research Names | NAD+, beta-NAD+, beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidized NAD, coenzyme I, diphosphopyridine nucleotide |
| Compound Type | Nucleotide coenzyme / redox metabolism research compound |
| Peptide? | No. NAD+ is not a peptide; it is a dinucleotide coenzyme. |
| CAS Number | Commonly listed as 53-84-9 for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; verify salt/form against supplier COA |
| PubChem CID | Commonly listed as 10897651 for beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; charged or salt forms may use different records |
| Molecular Formula | C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂; verify salt, hydrate, and charge state against supplier COA |
| Molecular Weight | Approximately 663.4 g/mol for beta-NAD+ reference form; salt or hydrate forms may differ |
| Structural Context | Dinucleotide made from nicotinamide and adenine nucleotides connected through phosphate groups |
| Redox Pair | NAD+ is the oxidized form; NADH is the reduced electron-carrying form |
| Research Category | Redox metabolism, mitochondrial function, cellular energy metabolism, sirtuin signaling, PARP activity, CD38 / NADase research, DNA-repair context, and cellular aging-marker research |
| Research Context | Commonly discussed in controlled research involving NAD+/NADH balance, oxidative metabolism, mitochondrial respiration, cellular stress response, DNA-repair signaling, enzyme cofactor activity, and age-associated NAD metabolism. |
| Appearance | White to off-white powder or lyophilized material, depending on supplier documentation |
| Use | For laboratory research use only. |
Research Applications
Key Research Applications
NAD+ is commonly discussed in controlled research models involving cellular energy metabolism, redox biology, mitochondrial function, NAD+/NADH balance, DNA repair context, sirtuin activity, PARP signaling, and age-associated metabolic pathway research.
Redox Biology Research
NAD+ is commonly studied as an oxidized redox coenzyme involved in electron-transfer reactions and NAD+/NADH balance.
Mitochondrial Function Models
Used in research involving mitochondrial metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation context, cellular energy production, and metabolic stress response.
Cellular Energy Metabolism
NAD+ is central to research involving glycolysis, TCA-cycle context, substrate utilization, ATP production, and metabolic homeostasis.
Sirtuin Pathway Research
NAD+ is commonly discussed in relation to NAD-dependent sirtuin enzymes involved in metabolic regulation, stress response, and aging biology.
PARP / DNA Repair Context
NAD+ appears in research involving PARP enzyme activity, DNA damage response, cellular repair signaling, and nuclear stress pathways.
Aging & Metabolic Research
NAD+ metabolism is frequently discussed in aging, metabolic dysfunction, cardiovascular, neurological, and mitochondrial research models.
Research Scope
These applications are provided for educational and research-reference purposes only. Research outcomes may vary based on compound form, route, concentration, purity, stability, study model, and laboratory conditions.
Reference Only
Reconstitution / Research Dosing Reference
Select Reference Vial
Select a vial size to update the concentration, U-100 unit references, and frequency table below.
Quick Reference Summary
| Reference Vial | 100 mg NAD+ |
|---|---|
| Primary Solution Volume | 1 mL bacteriostatic water |
| Primary Concentration | 100 mg/mL |
| Measurement Reference | On a U-100 syringe, 1 unit = 0.01 mL. |
| Amount per U-100 Unit | At 100 mg/mL, 1 unit equals 1 mg / 1000 mcg NAD+. |
| Storage Reference | Refrigerate at 2–8°C / 35.6–46.4°F after reconstitution, protected from direct light. |
Reconstitution Steps
- Draw 1 mL bacteriostatic water using a sterile syringe for the main concentration reference shown below.
- Slowly add the BAC water down the side of the vial wall.
- Gently roll or swirl the vial until the material is completely dissolved. The solution should appear clear. Do not shake!
- Label with compound name, vial amount, concentration, solvent volume, preparation date, storage conditions, and handling notes.
- Store refrigerated at 2–8°C / 35.6–46.4°F, protected from direct light.
Published Research Context
| Reference Type | Reported Amount / Context | Research Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Compound Identity Reference | Oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide | NAD+ is a cellular redox coenzyme and a substrate for multiple NAD-consuming enzyme systems. |
| Cellular Energy / Redox Research | Model-dependent concentration and exposure | Research commonly examines NAD+/NADH balance, mitochondrial energy metabolism, electron-transfer reactions, and cellular stress responses. |
| NAD-Consuming Enzyme Research | Model-dependent concentration and exposure | NAD+ is commonly studied in relation to sirtuins, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, CD38 activity, DNA-damage responses, and cellular signaling. |
| Published Human Pilot Context | 750 mg NAD+ in normal saline over 6 hours at approximately 3 μmol/min | A small pilot study evaluated plasma and urine NAD+ metabolome changes in eight NAD+-infused participants and three saline controls. This was a pharmacokinetic research context, not a universal dosing standard. |
| Clinical / Research-Chemical Status | No universal research-chemical protocol established | Published study amounts, public protocol-style references, clinical-use references, or wellness protocols should not be treated as dosing instructions for research-chemical vial formats. |
Concentration Reference
| Vial Amount | Solution Volume | Final Concentration |
|---|---|---|
| 100 mg | 1 mL | 100 mg/mL |
| 500 mg | 2.5 mL | 200 mg/mL |
| 1000 mg | 5 mL | 200 mg/mL |
Research Dosing Amount / Volume Reference
| Reference Amount | Volume at 100 mg/mL | U-100 Unit Reference | Approx. References per 100 mg Vial |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25 mg / 25000 mcg | 0.25 mL | 25 units | 4 |
| 50 mg / 50000 mcg | 0.50 mL | 50 units | 2 |
| 100 mg / 100000 mcg | 1.00 mL | 100 units | 1 |
| 250 mg / 250000 mcg | 2.50 mL | 250 units | 0.4 |
| 500 mg / 500000 mcg | 5.00 mL | 500 units | 0.2 |
| 750 mg / 750000 mcg | 7.50 mL | 750 units | 0.13 |
| 1000 mg / 1000000 mcg | 10.00 mL | 1000 units | 0.1 |
Research Frequency / Amount Reference
| Research Window | Frequency | Reference Amount | Units / Volume Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower Conversion Reference | Frequency not specified; calculation reference only | 25 mg / 25000 mcg reference amount | 25 units / 0.25 mL |
| Low-to-Mid Conversion Reference | Frequency not specified; calculation reference only | 50 mg / 50000 mcg reference amount | 50 units / 0.50 mL |
| Standard Conversion Reference | Frequency not specified; calculation reference only | 100 mg / 100000 mcg reference amount | 100 units / 1.00 mL |
| Mid-Range Conversion Example | Frequency not specified; calculation reference only | 250 mg / 250000 mcg reference amount | 250 units / 2.50 mL |
| Upper Conversion Example | Frequency not specified; calculation reference only | 500 mg / 500000 mcg reference amount | 500 units / 5.00 mL |
| Published Human Pilot Context | One 6-hour research session at approximately 3 μmol/min | 750 mg reference amount | 750 units / 7.50 mL |
Common Research Windows
| Reference Window | Common Length | Research Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Cell-Culture / Marker Observation Window | 24–72 hours | May be used for NAD+/NADH balance, mitochondrial-response, sirtuin-related, DNA-damage-response, oxidative-stress-marker, or cellular-metabolism documentation depending on the model. |
| Published Acute Metabolome Window | 6-hour exposure with 2-hour follow-up | A published human pilot monitored plasma and urine NAD+ metabolites during a 6-hour infusion and for an additional 2 hours after the study exposure ended. |
| Acute Observation Window | Single session to several days | Used for short-term metabolite, timing, preparation, redox-state, or cellular-response comparisons depending on the research design. |
| Short Research Window | 1–2 weeks | May be used for early controlled observation involving NAD-metabolome, mitochondrial, metabolic-marker, or cellular-stress endpoints. |
| Standard Protocol-Style Window | 2–4 weeks | May be used for structured baseline and follow-up documentation in model-dependent or public protocol-style research references. |
| Follow-Up / Washout | 1–4 weeks | Used to document post-study observations, marker return, delayed response patterns, or follow-up data depending on the research model. |
Research Note: These tables are provided for educational, research-planning, concentration, frequency-reference, and volume-reference purposes only. NAD+ is the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and is commonly discussed in cellular redox, mitochondrial energy metabolism, sirtuin, PARP, CD38, DNA-damage-response, and cellular-aging research contexts. The selector above updates calculations for a 100 mg vial reconstituted with 1.0 mL bacteriostatic water, a 500 mg vial reconstituted with 2.5 mL, and a 1000 mg vial reconstituted with 5.0 mL. Published study amounts and public protocol-style references are not universal research-chemical dosing standards and should not be treated as dosing instructions for research-chemical vial formats. This information is not medical advice, dosing instruction, injectable-use guidance, or a recommendation for human or animal use.
Research Notes
Research Findings & Safety Notes
Research Findings
NAD+ is commonly discussed in research involving redox biology, mitochondrial function, cellular energy metabolism, NAD+/NADH balance, DNA repair context, sirtuin activity, PARP signaling, and aging-related metabolic pathways.
Study Limitations
NAD+ research includes cellular studies, animal models, NAD+ precursor studies, and limited IV NAD+ pharmacokinetic research. Findings should be interpreted according to compound form, route, stability, dose, study model, and endpoint selection.
Safety Considerations
Research discussion should account for infusion-rate sensitivity, compound stability, sterility documentation, endotoxin risk, supplier qualification, batch records, storage conditions, and qualified laboratory handling procedures.
Use Restriction
Not for human or animal consumption. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease when discussed as a research-use material.
Related Supplies
Research Supplies
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Bacteriostatic Water
Commonly referenced in laboratory preparation workflows.
Research Syringes
Supply category for controlled laboratory research preparation.
Prep Supplies
Supporting supplies for clean handling, preparation, and documentation.
Lab Handling
Handling & Storage
Storage
Store materials according to product-specific requirements. Protect from excessive heat, moisture, and direct light.
After Reconstitution
Keep refrigerated after reconstitution unless otherwise specified by the product documentation.
Handling
Use appropriate laboratory PPE, clean handling practices, and qualified research procedures.
Documentation
Maintain batch details, COA records, preparation notes, and internal research documentation.